اسلام و پژوهش‌های تربیتی

Wilaie Education: the Principal Basis of Religious Education

Muhammad Hassan Mirza Muhammadi* / Rahima Rasuli**

One of the greatest obstacles for religious education is the unfamiliarity of those responsible for education with authentic religious bases and the way of presenting them "properly".

The most important issue here is Wilaya (i.e. the divine authority conferred to the Prophet and Imams); it is the reality and foundation of religion and the channel for its flow. However, it has not been emerged as the principal basis of religion among the scientific and education elites. Therefore, dealing with any religious and divine education is not possible except by recognizing the reality of Wilaya.

On this basis, here we firstly deal with the meanings of education from various viewpoints; then the discussions related to Wilaya, Wilaie education and the fundamental bases of this type of education are presented and their effects are explained. The method used in this study was the documentary analysis, based on which all written and non-written sources related to the subject were identified, and the necessary data were gathered through a purposeful sampling, using cards. The data gathered were classified and analyzed through qualitative methods, and the necessary results were obtained.

KEY WORDS: education, religious education, Wilaya, Wilaie education, religious bases

The Effect of Religious Rites on the Youths' Mental Health

Shahnam Abul-Qasemi*

With the advancement of technology and industrialization of human society as well as the changes of civilization, the cases of stress and other mental and physical disorders have increased in number. Along with the advancements of the modern world in diagnosis and treatment of mental and physical disorders, various devices and techniques have developed, which have been effective in reducing different problems. Along with all these devices and techniques of diagnosis and treatment, religious rites such as prayers and ritual services have retained their status in creating internal peace and mental health.

From Islamic viewpoint, the criterion for mental health has been used under the title of growth. The term 'growth' has been used to mean being substantive, guidance, salvage, righteousness and perfection.

The methods for providing mental health from Islamic viewpoint are worship, trust in God, pilgrimage, fasting and so on, which can contribute to mental health by creating hope and encouraging people to have positive attitudes towards mentally pressurizing situations. The effect of these types of religious rites on the body and mind has been proved from physiological viewpoint, and their psychological and social consequences in different societies are quite clear.

KEY WORDS: religious rites, internal peace and confidence, mental health

The Quranic Strategies in Religious Education

Muhammad Qutbi*

Educative activities must necessarily enjoy a consistency and a certain orientation so that they can properly perform the grand mission of education. Therefore, one of the most basic issues is the recognition of strategies and orientations of Islam in educating human beings. Accordingly, we obtained the four following strategies by investigating the holy Quran: glorification; reverence; explanation; annunciation and warning. These are determining the orientation of the educative activities. Here, we have considered these strategic goals under specific titles; these titles are: free will; validity; commitment; moderation. We then have dealt with explaining each of them, concluding that the path of human education from Quranic viewpoint is covered by observing the right ordering of these four steps.

KEY WORDS: strategy, education, free will, validity, commitment, moderation

The Difference between Religious

and Non-Religious Education

Abul-Fazl Sajedi*

In spite of a commonality between religious and non-religious education, there are also differences between them, which the present article is seeking to explain. A research in the area of the differences and obtaining wider results are among the research necessities in this arena. The present paper, written through analytical method using lipary resources with a look at book and the practice of writing, deals with the necessities of religious education by enumerating sixteen features of this type of religious education. Success in religious education cannot be acquired without paying attention to its features, and a large part of reasons for failure in religious education lies in the negligence of the difference

Religious Education and the Willful Actor

Ali Mesbah* / Abbas Geraie**

To identify some of the bases for religious education, we explain, in the first part of the present article, the origins of man's willful actions in philosophers' view. Through explaining the origins of man's willful actions, we will show that for performing any willful action, man needs, first of all, knowledge and recognition. Then, he must acknowledge the utility of the action, followed by a sense of willingness; this sense must become so strong that leads to will and finally performing the action. Those derivatives derived from this explanation may be utilized as the bases in religious education.

In the second part, after defining the goals of religious education on the one hand, and applying the derivatives obtained on the other, we will investigate some of the methods which assist us in achieving the goals of religious education.

KEY WORDS: religious education, willful actor, the origins of actions, agent cause, ultimate cause, zeal

Psychological Strategies for Memorizing the Quran

Hadi Hussein Khani*

Numerous works have been written on the methods for memorizing the holy Quran. However, the psychological principles have been neglected in this regard. The present paper is seeking to use the psychological findings for facilitating the Quran memorizers' task and more durability in the mind of the verses memorized. In this study, the following psychological subjects have been considered: knowledge, motivation, resolution, repetition and review, expansion and development, organizing, and health and nutrition.

In this regard, knowledge of the sciences prerequisite to Quran memorization and the basic methods as well as a self-recognition and identifying the learning style have been considered here. Those things increasing the individual's motivation for memorizing Quran have been investigated under the title of 'motivation'. Weathering those obstacles which hinder the task of memorization has been discussed under the title of 'resolution'. Repetition and review and the related techniques as the effective factors in memorization form the fifth subject. Organizing the verses we want to memorize and the related methods is the sixth subject, and the last one is the issues related to health and ideal nutrition.

KEY WORDS: Quran, psychology, motivation, meta-cognition, Quran memorization

Abstracts

A Study on the Role of Personality and Moral

Conduct of the Teachers of Islamic Knowledge in Receiving Models by High School Students

Ali Ashraf Heidary* / Abbas Ali Shameli**

One of the most important characteristics of the high school students is their receiving models from their teachers of Islamic knowledge. In the present study, the researcher has investigated– by asking students' opinions – the role of moral conduct of the teachers of Islamic knowledge in receiving moral models on the part of the students, as well as the proper method for these teachers' effective treatment and interaction with their students. The researcher, apart from using lipary resources, has used a researcher-designed questionnaire to conduct a field study. The statistical society was composed of 15924 high school students in district one of the Education Department of Khorramabad. The statistical sample was set to be composed of 312 subjects based on Cochran formula. However, we increased the number up to 400 subjects to heighten the accuracy of the study. The statistical society was specified based on random cluster sampling and the research was conducted. The results show that good-temperedness of the teachers of Islamic knowledge has the highest level of effectiveness among all the factors effective in students' receiving moral models.

KEY WORDS: receiving models for moral conduct, high school students, teachers of Islamic knowledge

Table of Contents

Wilaie Education: the Principal Basis of Religious Education / Muhammad Hassan Mirza Muhammadi / Rahima Rasuli 7

The Effect of Religious Rites on the Youths' Mental Health / Shahnam Abul-Qasemi 47

The Quranic Strategies in Religious Education / Muhammad Qutbi 71

The Difference between Religious and Non-Religious Education / Abul-Fazl Sajedi 95

Religious Education and the Willful Actor / Ali Mesbah / Abbas Geraie 125

Psychological Strategies for Memorizing the Quran / Hadi Hussein Khani 147

A Study on the Role of Personality and Moral Conduct of the Teachers of Islamic Knowledge in Receiving Models by High School Students / Ali Ashraf Heidary / Abbas Ali Shameli 189

In the name of Allah

Director-in-charge: Imam Khomeini Education and Research Institute

Managing Director and Editor-in-chief: AliReza Arafi

Editor: Mohammad Javad Zarean

Deputy Editor-in-Chief: Asadullah Tosi

Editorial Board:

Hujjat al-Islam AliReza Arafi: Associate professor, Mustafa International University

Hujjat al-Islam Mohammad Gharavi: Assistant Professor in Research Center of Seminary and University.

Dr. Hujjat al-Islam .Mohammad Javad Zarean: Assistant Professor Imam Khomeini Inst.

Dr. Hujjat al-Islam AbasAli Shameli: Assistant Professor Imam Khomeini Inst.

Dr. Hujjat al-Islam Syeed Ahmad Rahnamaii: Assistant Professor Imam Khomeini Inst.

Dr. PariRokh Dadsetan: Professor Tehran University.

Dr. AliAkbar Seif: Professor Tabatabaii University.

Dr. Mohammad Pakseresht: Associate professor, Tarbiyat Moalem University.

Dr. Mohsen Imani: Assistant Professor, Tarbiyat Mudarres University.

Dr. Jamileh Alam Al-Hoda: Assistant Professor, Imam Sadegh University.

Dr. Masod JanBozorgi: Assistant Professor, in Research Center of Seminary and University

Dr. Bahram Mohseenpour: Associate professor, Tarbiyat Moalem University.

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